Tuesday, July 24, 2012

I have the link for the fact sheet and brochure below. Please check it out and give constructive feedback.
www.mercer.edu/enp/mph720/Fact_Sheet_Shannon_Cooper.pdf
www.mercer.edu/enp/mph720/Brochure_Shannon _Cooper.pdf

Thursday, July 19, 2012

Water, water, everywhere and not a drop to drink!

         Water is essential nutrient for all life. After all, our planet is is covered by 70 % water while our oceans hold 96.5% of all the Earth's water (United Stated Geological Survey, 2012). An even smaller percentage (1%) of water is drinkable which comes from groundwater (i.e. wells and aquifers) and surface water (lakes, streams,  brooks). With an ever growing human population, preserving the precious natural resource is essential for the  health of the public, and existence of all life. In many parts of the world, safe drinking water and clean water for agriculture are running dry or highly polluted. In communities where local people depend on such a vital source, and the aquatic ecosystems provide a food source and recreational haven, the need to preserve and protect is pertinent. To date, 26 countries are water-stressed, which means that these countries do not have enough water to sustain economic development and agriculture (Cable News Network, 2012). the number of water-stressed countries are expected to rise and the number of persons living in water-stressed countries are expected to increase 6.5 times (CNN, 2012). In developed countries, approximately one quarter of the population does not have a access to clean water, and more than twice the population does not have adequate sanitation, which are major public health and environmental health issues.
        The fight for access to clean water is not only taking place in developing countries, but right here with in my own community in the state of Georgia. The water source debate over the man-made water reservoir Lake Lanier between Florida, Georgia, and Alabama has been ongoing for a number of years. Specifically, the tri-state battle has been taking place since 1990 over the who has the rights over the water source. On June 28, the federal government awarded those rights to Georgia (Atlanta Journal Constitution, 2012). I believe that it is important to protect our water source and create ways to conserve water for a sustainable future. But, I also can't help think what kind of drawbacks holding up our water source in a reservoir or building a dams will do to surrounding communities and ecosystem that are also depend the water that trickles down to them. This just further exemplifies that "NO MAN IS AN ISLAND". It is sad to think that  the scarcity of water has in the past, can, and will trigger more water wars in the future in domestic as well as international communities.
         More steps need to be taken to protect the water that nourishes and brings life to our Earth. Perhaps  the adoption of new policies (or stricter policies), building of more water treatment facilities, increase public awareness, and hosting education forums may help to shed some light in resolving this issue along with community involvement and participation. 

Monday, July 16, 2012

     In my last post, I introduced Rachel Carson, a significant woman who worked all her life to bring a awareness to the public regarding DDT exposure and other toxins and the impact on the environment. Continuing with this theme of environmental awareness, I would like to help bring attention to another prolific problem we and the environment are facing. In actuality, it is a problem that has been growing since the increase in the release of fossil fuel byproducts. The problem that I speak of is acid rain.

      Acid rain is made up of what the name implies, sulfuric acid and nitric acid mixed with rain or atmospheric water. The formation of acid rain originates with the release of the air pollutants sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from man-made sources and natural sources. Chiefly, man-made sources like power plants, and auto mobiles that release combustibles are the culprit. These gases reek havoc by both landing on surrounding environment and are carried by the wind thus affecting a wider range. Acid rain affect the environment in numerous ways. It changes the pH of aquatic environments thereby creating a uninhabitable environment for sensitive aquatic animals. For non-aquatic animal who depend on those aquatic animals for a food source, they are also impacted. Acid rain leaches the soil of essential plant nutrients, causes physical damage to leaves, and reduces plant fertility. In addition, the gases that creates acid rain harms the health of the public by increasing the incidence heart and long conditions like asthma and brochiolitis/bronchtis.  Physical damage to the environment that occurs as a result of acid rain exposure is corrosion of metals, paint damage to buildings and cars, bridges, and decay of cultural monuments. The above picture is actually an informational poster that I noticed while getting my car washed this weekend. It states the effects of acid rain on cars with out protective paint and illustrates how to protect your vehicle from damage.

     In preventing further damage due to acid rain exposure, the EPA has implemented program like the Acid Rain Program and the National Ambient Air Quality Standards to ensure safer environments for both the public and the environment. Safer emission sanctions have also helped to reduce the emissions of air pollutants from vehicles and power plants. Some individualized efforts in which one can do to help reduce emission of air pollutants include carpooling, using alternative and "green" modes of transportation, and maintaining your vehicle.

    I have created a brochure and fact sheet summarizing information on acid rain to inform the public on this current environmental issue. Coming soon.......!

Tuesday, July 10, 2012

After reading Rachel Carson's Silent Spring,  I truly learned  and appreciate Rachel Carson's love and tenacity for biology and the fight to protect the ecosystem from man-made chemical exposure. She was a woman of passion committed throughout her short life to increase awareness of the chemical pollutants that could ultimately change our environment. In the beginning of the book, Carson illustrates a captivating scene where she describes a town experiencing once teeming with life (i.e. birds singing, fish-filled streams, prosperous farms, and other wildlife) only to be silence due to the effects of environmental pollutants. It is a situation that could happen and has happened to some degree in other communities. Carson is considered a heightening figure in raising awareness in environment health  because she challenged the government through her writing to 1) take responsibility for or acknowledge evidence of damage  from releasing toxic pesticide chemicals (for example, DDT or the "elixir of death"), 2) offer more protection for the citizens that they endanger, and 3) protection of the environment. I too believe as she once believed that human health would ultimately reflect the environment's ills (Carson, 1962). The truth, as it was found most evident in this book, is that the human and natural world are inseparable and should be treated with care to ensure longevity.

Monday, June 4, 2012

For the second assignment for MPH728 Global Environmental Health, I decided to use a topic that is somewhat related to the internship grant project that I working on. The agency Cobb and Douglas Public Health recently received a grant to address the call to action to reduce the prevalence of underage drinking  and binge drinking among youth in Georgia. Specifically, I am working with the Live Health Douglas Coalition on a Douglas Alcohol Abuse Prevention Initiative (DAAPI) that began on February 2, 2012. We are currently creating a map to display establishments that serve, and sell alcohol to the public through GIS mapping (something I am just becoming familiar with). Through GIS mapping it is possible to include information and view information such as the proximity of schools near Alcohol pouring and selling establishments, for example. When I look a the map, I think of the time when authorities during the prohibition had to search and find those who were secretly making moonshine. The chloropleth map depicts the counties in United States that were wet vs. dry during the time of 21st century prohibition through the color indicator in the legend.

https://encrypted-tbn1.google.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT4z2AgpITcV9e0yohP8ulbhTURI9h5fcIiVifMkC4DS8-FIEaIKQ

The following map is an example of a dot density may where each dot represent a fast-food McDonald's restaurant. I thought this map would be interesting in learning about the access to fast-food as it relates to obesity trend within the United States of America. As you can see most of the restaurants are concentrated on eastern half of the United States and with brighter dots representing higher densities within certain cities.
                                                                                                          
http://i667.photobucket.com/albums/vv35/merlincove/McDonalds_Density_Map.jpg

First, let met say I love, love, love this map and its subject! Let me explain. As single woman of Caribbean heritage who has not given up on love, this proportional symbol map illustrates the number of single men and women in United States cities in February 2007. The color (blue vs. red) indicates gender while the size of the circle indicates the number single sexed gender within the city. The city of Atlanta is a great place to live,but predominantly populated with a strong female presence, which does not appeal. Seriously, I am going to consider moving to California, Seattle, or Texas. For single people, this map may be of some help  personally and whatever peaks your interest.

http://rkpjrhist615.files.wordpress.com/2007/10/singles.jpg

Below is a topographical map of the South American country Chile. It is on my vacation list of places I would like to visit. It is one of the few places in the world where you can experience different climates and a wide range of geographical and cultural diversity. It is also a place where there is a lot natural phenomena  such as shifting of the tectonic plates, mud slides, and earthquake. The map indicates the location of different types of rock  formation that makes up Chile. It can be very useful to understand the composition of the rock formation to prepare city layouts, and Earthquake preparedness.

http://0.tqn.com/d/geology/1/0/o/I/chilemap.gif

The final map is an example of environmental sensitivity index map. This type of map is beneficial in understanding coastal shoreline sensitivity, biological resources and human resources. The information that can be acquired from environmental sensitivity index maps are used to create strategies for clean-up such as before the event of an accident such as the BP oil spill that occurred in the  Gulf of Mexico. Proper planning reduces the harmful consequences of oil spills and clean-ups. The attached map includes symbols that are color-coded and prioritized for clean-up by sensitivity to oil. 
http://www.mapcruzin.com/images/noaa-esi-map-viewer-400x239.png


Tuesday, May 22, 2012

The following picture to the right is an image of the Great Barrier Reef, one of the seven world natural wonders. It has been on the top of my list for vacation stops. I love to scuba dive and find marine life fascinating. One day soon, I hope to travel here and soak in its beauty.
I did not have any difficulties with creating the map. It is important to have fun with it and play with the features that Google Earth program employs. Adding the layers of what I wanted to display on the image were somewhat tedious because I was not sure how to actually put in the symbols and path. I hope that this helps!